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Liver disease and insulin altering drugs
Title: Frequency of liver disease in type 2 diabetic patients treated with oral antidiabetic agents
Author: S. Jick, et al.
Address: UK
Source: Diabetes Care 22: 2067-2071 (December) 1999
Summary: Researchers evaluated liver disease in conventionally treated
type 2 diabetic patients to provide a reference against which reports of liver
disease related to novel oral antidiabetic treatment could be compared. Patients
with type 2 diabetes who were treated with oral antidiabetic agents were
identified and were followed to determine whether they developed liver disease.
Among 44,406 type 2 diabetic patients, 605 had a computer diagnosis of liver
disease (incidence rate of 53.2/10,000 person-years). Of these, 186 had
nonsymptomatic, mild and transient liver disorders; 249 had a predisposing
condition; and 113 had another cause for the disease. A total of 57 cases were
possibly drug induced (incidence rate 5.0/10,000person-years). Of the cases, 11
were attributed to other drugs, 8 to fatty liver disease of diabetes, and the
remaining cases to uncertain causes. Oral antidiabetic agents were continued in
51 of these 57 cases, and researchers could not rule out oral antidiabetic agents
as a cause of liver disease in 2 cases (incidence rate of 0.2/10,000
person-years). In this population, the background incidence of liver disease was
high. Most cases involved other systemic diseases that may cause liver disease.
The background rate of relatively mild liver disease (not due to oral
antidiabetic treatment) in a population of type 2 diabetic patients is not
uncommon and should be considered when evaluating spontaneous reports of liver
disease in patients.
Comment: There has been considerable concern over liver disease in patients
treated with insulin altering drugs such as troglitazone (Rezulen). This
complication seems quite rare and to exclude these medications from therapy
because of this potential complication may be unwarranted. A specific indication
for therapy is needed and close monitoring is mandated.