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Lower cholesterol -- lower dementia
Title: Statins and the risk of dementia
Author: H. Jick, et al.
Address: Lexington, MA
Source: The Lancet 356:1627-1631 (November) 2000
Summary: It is estimated that dementia affects 10% of the population older
than 65 years and vascular and lipid-related mechanisms are thought to have a
role in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease and vascular dementia. Thus,
researchers conducted a study of the potential effect of HMG CoA (3
hydroxy-3menthylglutaryl-coenzyme A) reductase inhibitors (statins) and other
lipid-lowering agents on dementia. The study population initially included 3
groups who were 50 years and older. Group 1 consisted of all individuals who had
received lipid-lowering agents; group 2 included all individuals with a clinical
diagnosis of untreated hyperlipidaemia; and group 3 was a randomly selected group
of other individuals. From these three groups, all cases with a computer recorded
clinical diagnosis of dementia were identified. Each case was matched with as
many as four controls derived from the base population on age, sex, practice, and
index date of case. Included in the study were 284 subjects with dementia and
1,080 controls. 13% of the controls had untreated hyperlipidaemia, 11% were
prescribed statins, 7% other LLAs, and 69% had no hyperlipidaemia or LLA
exposure. Researchers found that individuals 50 years and older who were
prescribed statins had a substantially lower risk of developing dementia,
independent of the presence or absence of untreated hyperlipidaemia or exposure
to non-statin LLAs. However, the available data do not distinguish between
Alzheimer's disease and other forms of dementia.
Comment: This reminds me of a
cartoon of a physician looking over his desk and telling a perimenopausal
patient, "I'm going to take you off additives and put you on preservatives." An
interesting comparison might be made with HRT. Both are needed because of our
extended life expectancy and to help extend it. Both have benefits greater than
the reason for which they are indicated. Both are associated with unwanted
side-effects. It is too early to know the impact of lipid lowering agents on
large populations over many years. The frontier of pharmaceutical research is
drugs to acclimate our genetic predispositions into our 21st century lifestyle.