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Exercise in pregnancy
Title: Beginning regular exercise in early pregnancy: Effect on fetoplacental growth
Author: J. Clapp, et al.
Address: Cleveland, Ohio
Source: American Jouranl of Obstetrics and Gynecology (December) 2000
Summary: The objective of this study was to test the null hypothesis that beginning regular, moderate-intensity exercise in early pregnancy has no effect on fetoplacental growth. The study patients consisted of 46 women who did not exercise regularly. They were randomly assigned at 8 weeks gestation to either a no exercise group (n=24) or to a weight-bearing exercise group (n=22). The women assigned to the exercise group were to exercise 3 to 5 times a week for the duration of the pregnancy. The outcome variables included antenatal placental growth rate and neonatal and placental morphometric measurements. It was learned that the offspring of the exercising women were significantly heavier (corrected birth weight: 3.75 ± 0.08 kg vs. 3.49 ± 0.07 kg) and longer (51.8 ± 0.3 cm vs. 50.6 ± 0.3 cm) than those born to the women in the non-exercising group. The difference in birth weight was the result of an increase in both lean body mass and fat mass. Additionally, midtrimester placental growth rate was faster (26 ± 2 cm3/wk vs. 21 ± 1 cm3/wk) and morphometric indexes of placental function were greater in the exercise group. There were no significant differences found in neonatal percentage body fat, head circumference, ponderal index, or maternal weight gain. Researchers concluded that these findings indicate that beginning a moderate regimen of weight-bearing exercise in early pregnancy enhances fetoplacental growth.
Comment: A similar study has shown that aggressive exercise in pregancy reduced fetal size, but was not associated with any other adverse outcome. The golden rule of moderation is still in order.